Which historical act defined the roles of police and private security?

The Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 is significant because it established the framework for modern policing in England and, by extension, in many parts of the world, influencing both public law enforcement and private security. This act created the first professional police force, emphasizing the importance of formal training, organization, and accountability of police officers. It recognized the need for police to act in the interest of public safety and community service, effectively laying down the roles and responsibilities that would guide both police and private security operations.

In contrast, the Community Policing Act focuses on community engagement but does not explicitly define the roles of police and private security. The Civil Rights Act primarily addresses discrimination and civil rights issues without delineating law enforcement roles. The Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act pertains to the rights of off-duty law enforcement officers to carry firearms and does not address the foundational roles of police and private security either. Thus, the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 stands out as the foundational legislation shaping these roles.