What systematic approach involves identifying a problem, forming a hypothesis, and collecting data to test it?

The correct choice is the scientific method, which is a systematic approach used for inquiry and investigation. It begins with identifying a problem or a question that needs answering. Following this, a hypothesis is formed, which is a testable prediction about what you expect to happen in the study. The next step involves collecting data through experiments or observations to test the hypothesis. The results obtained are then analyzed to draw conclusions about the initial question.

This method is foundational in fields ranging from natural sciences to social sciences and is valued for its structured approach to inquiry and evidence-based reasoning. It emphasizes repeatability and validation, allowing findings to be confirmed through peer review and further experimentation.

Other options tend to refer to broader or different methodologies. The experimental method is a subset of the scientific method focused specifically on conducting experiments to test the hypotheses. The research method encompasses a wider range of techniques used for investigation but does not explicitly describe the structured sequence followed in the scientific method. The analytical method typically involves breaking down complex information into smaller parts to understand it better but does not necessarily include the hypothesis-driven aspect central to the scientific method. Hence, the scientific method is the most accurate description of the systematic approach indicated in the question.