What is the term for the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend?

The term "recidivism" specifically refers to the tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend or relapse into criminal behavior after having served their punishment. This concept is central to the study of criminal behavior and the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs. Understanding recidivism helps law enforcement, policymakers, and social practitioners develop strategies aimed at reducing repeat offenses, thereby enhancing public safety.

The other terms, while related, do not precisely capture this concept. "Relapse" is often used in the context of addiction recovery, referring to the return to substance use after a period of abstinence, rather than criminal behavior. "Rehabilitation" focuses on the processes aimed at reforming offenders so they can reenter society as law-abiding citizens, rather than directly addressing the likelihood of reoffending. "Repeat offense" is a more general phrase that can describe any individual committing the same crime again, but it does not carry the statistical implications and specific focus on the patterns of behavior that "recidivism" encapsulates.